In these two chapters, Paul highlights for us at least six marks of authentic, enduring and fruitful ministry as he had in Thessaloniki. They are:

- Faithful stewardship of the Gospel

- Strength of character built by a life of devotion

- The unmistakable presence of suffering or opposition

- A continuous focus on eternity

- Concern and care for the faith and love of God's elect

- Praying exceedingly and always for God's elect