Some Say: Abayye: Only a cooked item may be used as Eiruv Tavshilin, but not bread.

Question: Why is bread specifically excluded? Because bread is a staple and constantly available (079)?
But porridge is not constantly available and Rav Nechumi bar Zechariah said in the name of Abayye: One cannot use porridge as an Eiruv. Why is that?

Response: Bread or porridge cannot be used, because it must be something that is an accompaniment. Porridge is not, as Rabbi Zeira said: The Babylonians are foolish, they eat bread with bread [they would eat bread (baked grain) with porridge (boiled grain), he was ridiculing them for their lack of variety in diet] [so we see it’s not an accompaniment].

We will presently learn that the Eiruv need not be something especially cooked for that purpose.

Beraisa of Rabbi Chiya: Lentil beans that are left over on the bottom of the pot may be scraped together and relied on for Eiruv Tavshilin, provided they amount to a k’zayis [and have been assigned for this purpose].

Rav Yitzchok brei d’Rav Yehuda: Fat that’s left on the side of the knife, can be scraped off and relied on for Eiruv Tavshilin, provided they amount to a k’zayis.

Rav Asi quoting Rav: Small salted fishes [the fish were salted to make them fit for eating], are not forbidden due to bishul Akum [a Jew may not eat something cooked by a gentile if it is something that requires cooking to make it edible].

Rav Yosef: If a gentile broiled these fishes [after they were salted], they can be relied upon for Eiruv Tavshilin. But if the gentile cooked them as kosi d’harsena [a recipe in which the fish are cooked with flour], it is forbidden due to bishul Akum [because the flour was not fit to eat previously].

Question: Isn’t it obvious that kosi d’harsena is forbidden?

Response: We might have thought that the fish is the mainstay of the dish [and it is fit to eat without being cooked], so we’re taught that the flour is actually the mainstay of the kosi d’harsena.

Rabbi Abba: Eiruv Tavshilin must be a k’zayis.

Tosfos: There are three rules regarding eiruvin:

Techumin require two meals worth for each individual.

Chatzeiros require a fig’s worth for each individual, once two meals worth has been set aside, it is enough for even a hundred people.

Tavshilin one k’zayis of each type suffices even for a hundred people.  

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